Windmill.



' M. W; HOLBEN.

v WINDMI'LL.

APPLICATION FILED MAYB. I9I5. 1,201,184. v n

M. W. HOLBEN.

wmnmlLL. APPLICATION flLEDl'MAY 8, 191.5.

Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

2 YSHEETS-SHEET 2.

MARVIN W. HOLBEN, GARY, INDIANA.

WIN DIVIILL' Application led May 8, 1915.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, MARVIN W. HOLBEN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Gary, inthe county of Lake and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Construction for Windmills, l of which the following is a full, clear, and comprehensive exposition and specification, the same being such as will enable'others to make and use the same with exactitude.

My invention relates to a windmill adapt.- ed to revolve in a horizontal plane, with vertical sails operating about a central vertical axis common to all, and each sailadapted to revolve on its own axis independent of the said vcentral axis, and having means for turning the sails into and out of operative position. l

The object of my invention, broadly speaking, is to provide a windmill adapted to develop a maximum of power, which will be strong and durable in construction, neat and attractive in appearance, easily operated and controlled, efcient in practice, in which all of its parts are easily accessible, not liable to become inoperative through wear or breakage, and which can be manufactured and sold, and installed, at a comparatively low price.

More specifically stated, my object is to provide a horizontal windmill adapted to travel upon a circular track, having a plurality of sails for engaging the wind, with means for automaticallvand progressively bringing the sails broad-side to the wind,

' and then returning them edgewise against the wind, in order to cause the mill to revolve in a definite predetermined direction as desired.

Other subsidiary objects and particular advantages of the invention will be brought out in the course of the following description, and that which is new will be correlated in the claims.

Various f means may be employed for carrying out the principles of my invention in a practicalmanner, certainofwhich are, shown in the accompanying drawings,1n

which--. Y y

Figure l is a central vertical section of the invention, there being but one series .of

sails shown in this instance. Fig. 2 is a top,

plan view of the arrangement shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 .is a central vertical section of the arrangement in which I showa plural series of sails. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical de- Specication of Letters Patent.

raten-ted oct. io, i916.

Serial No. 26,677.

tail section of the central gearing for controlling the sails, and showing the means for l placing' the mill into and out of gear. Fig.

5 is an enlarged vertical detail section of the .gearing for'the sails. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 5, but taken at right-angles thereto.

Similar indices denote like parts throughv,out the several views.

In order that the construction, the operation, and the advantages of my invention may be fully understood and appreciated I will now take` up a detailed description thereof, in which I will `set forth the several features .of vthe invention as fully and as comprehensively as I may.

Referring now to the drawings in detail: letter A denotes an embankment which may be formed to carry they horizontal circular track l, however the track may be laid on a frame construction. v

There are several methods by which my invention rmay becarried out, certain of Awings rcomprises an upper bar 2, a lower bar 3, and the tworvertical bars l and 5 which are all connected together at their ends.

The inner ends of all of the bars 2 are connected to the upper central disk 6,- while the inner ends of all of the bars 3 are connected to the lower central disk 7. Each of the frame sections thus formed is made rigid-by a pair of cross-bars 8 and 9. The outer ends of the bars 2 and 3 project outward some l distance beyond the bar 5 to form arms for carrying the sails, in the manner hereinafter set forth. Each of the sails 10 is composed'of a paneled frame, which is comparativelydight in weight, and which is adapted to revolve horizontally, its lower end being mounted by the pivot 11 to the outer end of the bar 3, withvits upper end pivoted to the outer end of the arm 2, in the manner hereinafter set forth. The vouter ends of the wings are connected by the connecting bar- 12, substantially as shown in Fig. 2, the outer end of each bar 2 being attached to the adjoining ends of two bars 12 by a gusset plate 13, which forms the assembled wheel more rigid. Located at each junction of a bar 2 with its connecting-bars 12 is a gear mechanism which is shown in section in Fig. 5, and each comprises ajacket 14 which is secured to the bar 2 by the bolts al and or otherwise as desired. Rotatively mounted in the jacket 14 is the spindle 15, which projects above the jacket 14.

Numeral 16 denotes the cap, which is secured to the upper projection of the spindle 15, by means of the key-bolt 17, with the lower end of the cap 16 resting in rotative contact with the upper end of the jacket 14. Formed integral with the lower end of the spindle 15 and extending out beyond and contacting with the lower end of the jacket 14 is the gear-wheel 18. Rotatively mounted in the spindle 15 is the stem 19 whose upper end is located below the key-bolt 17, and formed integral with the lower end of the steam 19 is the large gear-wheel 20, which is located immediately below and concentric with the gear-wheel 18. And extending down from the lower face of the gear-wheel 20, on each side of the center thereof, are the two flanges 21 and 21 having bolt apertures therethrough to receive a plurality of bolts 22. The center of the upper end of a sail 10 is adapted to fit in between said flanges, where it is secured by the boltsv 22.

` gear-wheel 20, all as shown in Fig. 5. Se-

cured to the top of the cap 16, by the bolt 27, is the tail-arm 28.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it is apparent that all of the sails 10 are geared to the tail 43 as follows: Secured around the spindle 37 a, immediately above the disk 6, is the mitergear 75. Carried by each of the sections is a shaft 76, each having secured to its inner end a miter-gear 77 which mesh with the miter-gear'7 5. On the outer end of each of the shafts 76 is secured a miter-gear 78 which mesh with their respective ruiter` gears 78 carried by the wings 10.

The means which may be employed to transmit the power of the mill to machinery to be operated thereby is shown in Figs. 1 and 3, wherein is shown the horizontal gear 31, which is concentric with the disks 6 and 7, and it is secured to the underside of the bars 3, and it meshes with the relatively stationary pinion 32, the latter being secured tothe upper end of the vertical shaft v33 the latter having on its lower end the bevel gear 34, and meshing with the gear 34 is the bevel gear 35, which latter is secured on the inner end of the horizontal power shaft 36, from which latter power may be f taken as desired. From the above it is evident that the turning of the mill will revolve the power shaft 36, at the speed to which it may be geared.

Referring again to Fig. 3, there is shown extending up from the center of the disk 7 a hollow spindle 37a, which is located around the upper portion of the shaft 38, which latter is revolubly mounted through the disk 6, and passes freely through the hub of the gear wheel 31, and secured on its lower end is the miter-gear 39 which meshes with the miter gear 40, the latter being` secured on the inner end of the horizontal shaft 41, which latter extends out beyond the track 1, with a hand wheel B secured on its outer end, the purpose ofwhich will hereinafter be made manifest. Secured to the spindle 37 is the bracket 42 which carries on one end the large tail 43, and on its other end the counter-weight 44. It should be understood at this point that the large central tail 43 will not, ordinarily, be used when each or a part of the sails 10 are provided with a tail, as in Fig. 1. But when the individual or small tails are dispensed with, as in Fig. 3, then the large tail 43 will be employed, and it is then geared to each of sails as shown in Fig. 3, or otherwise as desired.

Referring now, more patricularly, to Fig. 3 it will be noticed that the upper half of said view shows-the wings each carrying a sail 10, the same as in Fig. 1, but in this instance the individualdtails and their mechanisms are omitted, arid all of the sails are controlled by the single large central tail 43, this is accomplished as follows: The spindle 37 extends down through the disk 6 and terminates in a downwardly projecting collar 37au which surrounds the upper portions of the bushing 45 around which it operates, which latter is secured to the disk 7, as shown in Fig. 4. The collar 37a has a tongue a in its lower end which is adapted to fit in the notch b in the upper end of the collet 37b, whereby said spindle and collet may be locked together or the spindle 37 may be lifted up and turned with relation to and without moving the collet. The lower end of said collet rests on the disk 7. Extending out around the lower end of the collet 37b is the bevel gear 46, which may be integral therewith. Extending out parallel with each of the lower bars 3 of the wings is a shaft'47, each having on its inner end the pinion 48, all of which pinions mesh with the bevel gear 46. Secured on the outer portion of each of the bars 3 are the hangers 49which forms a bearing for the shaft 47 ,and a` miter gear 50 is locatedwithin the hanger 49 and it is secured on the shaft 47.

Numeral 51 denotes the lower pivot for the sails 10, shown in Fig. 3 the same being rigidly secured thereto. ecured on the lower end of the pivot 51 is the miter gear 52 which meshes with its respective miter gear 50.

Numeral 53 denotes the upper pivot of the sails 1.0, which pivots are carried by the projecting arm of the bar 2.

By the above it will be apparent that the revolving of the large tail will revolve all of the sails, the proper ratio being obtained by means of the diiferences in the sizes of the gears mentioned. Also, as shown in Fig. 3, a single or a double series of sails, 10a and 10b, may be added belowT the sails 10, and they are pivoted above in the bar and below to the additional bar 3, the upper pivots of the sails 10 and 10b having each a miter gear 54 which meshes with the miter gears 55 carried by the shaft 47.

The means for placing the mill into or out of gear is shown most clearly in Fig. 4,l

wherein it is shown that the upper portion of the shaft 38 is threaded in the bushing 45, as shown by the threads 56, and when the said shaft is revolved then the spindle 37 may be raised or lowered in order that its position may be changed with relation to the collet 37b, or to simply place it out of engagement therewith, for the purposes previously stated.

As herein before stated the device is adapted to revolve upon a circular track 1, therefore secured underneath the outer end of each wing, that is below each bar 5, is a concave faced roller, or caster, 57, all of which casters are adapted to revolve on the circular track 1, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3.

As has been intimated, the purpose of my invention is to provide a windmill of comparatively great power, adapted to be employed for pumping water for irrigation purposes, and adapted to be located near the surface of the ground.

It will be seen from the drawings that l provide a windmill adapted to revolve in a horizontal plane, with sails adapted to revolve about a vertical axis. Each sail to be controlled through gears by means of a tail, or by a tail for each sail or a part of the sails as desired. Each sail is adapted to make one revolution to every two revolutions of the mill. If the mill be stationary and the tail he revolved then the sails'will make one-half revolution to one revolution of the tail, the direction of rotation being the same for both tail and sails. The mill will always revolve in the direction for which it is set. Then in order to change the direction of rotation the sails are rotated degrees in either direction, the position of grees in respect to the sails. To throw the mill out of gear the tail is disconnected from "f the sail gearing by turning the hand-wheel B and causing the screw 56 to lift the tail out of engagement with the clutch, as'shown in Fig. 4, and then allowing the sails to rotate free without respect to the direction of the wind. ln throwing the device into gear the hand wheel B is rotated in the opposite direction from that above stated, and as there is only one position in which the clutch can engage it is evident that the sails will be set at the proper angle, with relation to the tail, to insure proper rotation in one direction.

I desire that it be understood that various changes may be made in the several details of construction, from that herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit of'my invention and without sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

Having now fully shown and described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A windmill comprising a framework adapted to revolve horizontally and including a plurality of wings rigidly connected together and radiating from the vertical axis which is common to all of the wings, a horizontal circular track on which the frame is rotatably mounted, a vertical sail pivoted in its vertical center to the outer end of each of said wings, a tail to which all of the sails are connected and adapted to bring the sails broadside to the wind on one side of the mill and causing them to be edgewise to the wind on the other side of the mill as the mill revolves, a clutch, means whereby the clutch may be placed into and out of gear, and means whereby the direction of rotation of the mill may be changed at the will of the operator.

2. A windmill comprising a circular track forming the single support for the mill, a framework comprising a plurality of radial wings radiating from the center of the mill, sails carried by the wings, each of said sails having a vertical aXis and each adapted to revolve horizontally, a central shaft, gearing connecting each of the sails with the central shaft, a tail for alternately bringing the sails on one side of the mill broadside to the wind and those on the other sidev edgewise to the wind, means for 'placing the tail out of gear with relation to the sails, means for reversing the direction of operation of the mill, and means located entirely outside of the mill for manually operating the means for placing the mill into and out of gear and for reversing the direction of operation thereof.

3. A windmill comprising a frame adapted to revolve horizontally on a circular track7 a track, Wheels disposed between the frame and the track, a plurality of Wings radiating from the center of the mill and each Comprising,` an upper and a lower bar which are connected by cross bars, means for Con'- necting the outer ends of said Wings, sails pivoted to revolve horizontal ly in said Wings the same beingl pivoted to said upper and lower bars of the Wings, a tail gea-red to the upper pivots of the sails and adapted to control the positions of the sails, means for 1nanuall5T placing the tail into and out oi gear, and means for manually changing the MARVIN W. HOLBEN.

litnesses Timo. H. DAUER, CAROLINE G. HOLBEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

